What are the Doldrums?

The Doldrums are also called as equatorial calms. It is in the zone of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). It’s characterized by light and variable winds, making it a challenging area for sailors to navigate.

Here are some key facts about the Doldrums:

• Location: It encircles the Earth between roughly 5°N and 5°S latitude, although its exact location can vary depending on the season.
• Cause: The Doldrums form due to the intense solar heating near the equator, which causes warm, moist air to rise rapidly. This rising air cools and condenses, forming clouds and heavy rainfall.
• Weather: The Doldrums are known for their calm winds, intense thunderstorms, and high humidity.
• Impact on sailing: In the past, the Doldrums posed a significant danger to sailors, as ships could become becalmed for weeks, leading to food and water shortages. Modern ships are less affected, but the Doldrums can still slow down voyages.

The Doldrums play an important role in Earth’s climate by regulating global heat distribution. They also contribute to the formation of tropical cyclones and monsoons.